Partial Exam Study Guide 11th

I Describe.

1. Main characteristics of chordates.
2. Main characteristics of fishes.
3. Main characteristic of amphibians (meaning of amphibians).
4. Main characteristic of reptiles.

II Compare and Contrast:

1. Vertebrates chordates/Non vertebrates chordates ( nerve cord, percentage)
2. Ovoviviparous / Viviparous (Fertilization and Source of nuorishment)
3. Jawless fishes/ Cartilaginous fishes/ Bony fishes (Characteristic feature, skeleton's composition, examples, and reproduction).
4. Amphibians/ Reptiles (Main features, Circulation, Reproduction, and Movement)
5. Crocodiles and alligators/ Turtles/ Lizards and Snakes. (Circulation, Limbs, shell, habitat)
6. Ectotherms/ Endotherm (meaning, definition and examples).
7. Frogs and Toads ( habitat).
8. Turtles ad Tortoises (difference)
9. Brain (fishes, amphibians and reptiles).
10. Heart (number of chamber of fishes, amphibians and reptiles)

III Definition and Functions of:

Spinal cord, gill, cerebellum, cerebrum, limbs, pyloric ceca, liver , pancreas, stomach, kidneys, vertebral column, pharyngeal pouches, jaws, amniotic egg, deoxygenated blood, oxygenated blood, double-loop and single loop circulatory system, tunicates, nerve cord, intestine.

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